Interaction between humans and robots must be signicantly improved before personal robot systems are widely accepted. Such improvements are a prerequisite for increasing the efciency of industrial robotic systems. This paper surveys current research in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). Key objectives of HRI are examined, along with previous surveys and divisions of HRI. In order to achieve real gains in HRI the role of the human user must be considered. We present four model roles for human interaction with robots; operator interaction, social interaction, developer interaction and cybernetic interaction.

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Исследование закономерностей движения человека очень важная задача. Решение этой проблемы может существенно повлиять на такие сферы человеческой деятельности как медицина, спорт, системы обучения, компьютерная графика, системы виртуальной реальности. Например, анализ движения человека может существенно облегчить и частично автоматизировать диагностику ортопеди-ческих заболеваний. Исследование движения человека очень важно в компьютерной графике при анимации виртуальных персонажей. Разработка системы захвата движения человека позволит ускорить и повысить качество анимации сложных виртуаль-ных персонажей.

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In general, treatment of full or partial loss of function in the upper limb due to injury relies on extremely labour intensive physiotherapy procedures. Although mechanical assistive device exist for limbs this is rare for the upper body. In this paper we present a seven degree of motion prototype upper arm training/physiotherapy (exoskeleton) system. The total weight of the uncompensated orthosis is less than 2kg. This low mass is primarily due to the use of a new range of pneumatic Muscle Actuators (pMA) as power source for the system. This type of actuator, which has also an excellent power/weight ratio, meets the need for safety, simplicity and lightness. The work presented focuses on the physiotherapy and training control architecture used to make the system a multi-functionality facility which permits the execution of physiotherapy and training regimes under isokinetic, isotonic and training mode operation.

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• When compared with humans, robots have superior strength and endurance, and vastly inferior intelligence.
• A powered exoskeleton (PEX) is a robotic device that is attached to a person’s body and is controlled by them.
• PEX fall into two categories:
– User interface devices for tele-robotics and virtual reality applications
– Devices to amplify the user’s force output.
• Our work belongs to the second category

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Since the 1990’s, mobile computing has transformed its penetration from niche markets and early prototypes to ubiquity. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) evolved from GRiD’s PalmPad and Apple’s Newton in 1993 to the Palm, Handspring, and Microsoft-based models that support the multi-billion dollar industry today. While BellSouth/IBM’s Simon may have been the only mobile phone to offer e-mail connectivity in 1994, almost every modern mobile phone provides data services today. Portable digital music players have replaced cassette and CD-based systems, and these “MP3 players” are evolving into portable repositories for music videos, movies, photos, and personal information such as e-mail. Laptops, which were massive and inconvenient briefcase devices in the late 1980’s, now outsell desktops. Yet all these devices still have a common, difficult problem to overcome: power. This chapter will review trends in mobile computing over the past decade and describe how batteries affect design tradeoffs for mobile device manufacturers. This analysis leads to an interesting question: is there an alternative to batteries? Although the answer has many components that range from power management through energy storage, the bulk of this chapter will overview the history and state-of-the-art in harvesting power from the user to support body-worn mobile electronics.

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