A method and system are provided for the visual display of anatomical forces, that system having: a motion capture system; a computer, receiving data from said motion capture system; and a computational pipeline disposed on said computer; that computational pipeline being configured to calculate muscle forces and joint torques in real time and visually display those forces and torques.

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The sensing organs are exponentially better than any of analogous artificial ones. That is why using them in full scale is a perspective trend to the efficient (advanced) machine perception. On the other hand, limitations of sensing organs could be replaced by the perfect artificial ones with the subsequent training the nervous system on their output signals. An attempt to lay down the foundations of biosensing by natural sensors and in addition to them by the artificial trans-ducers of physical quantities, also with their expansion into space arrays and external/implantable functioning in rela-tion to the nervous system is performed. The advances in nanotechnology are opening the way to achieving direct elec-trical contact of nanoelectronic structures with electrically and electrochemically active neurocellular structures. The transmission of the sensors’ signals to a processing unit has been maintaining by an electromagnetic transis-tor/memristor (externally) and super-conducting transducer of ionic currents (implantable). The arrays of the advanced sensors give us information about the space and direction dynamics of the signals’ spreading.The measuring method and necessary performance data of the sensor for the robot’s orientation in the ambient magnetic field with living be-ing-machine interaction in order to obtain input and output signals from brain and motor nerves to the measurement system and vice versa are introduced. The range of applied sensors differs from an induction sensor to superconducting induction magnetometer. The analytical expressions for arrangements of the head sensors in differential and vector (3D) relative positions are deduced. Sensitivity of the perception method makes it possible to recognize the linear translation of 10−2 m and disposal in space of 10−3 m3. Interaction between living beings and robotic equipment is given analytical treatment.

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Умельцы в Новой Зеландии создали двигатели, в которых валы вращают полимерные мышцы. При этом авторам изобретения удалось обойтись практически без твёрдых деталей.

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Категория: Двигатели | 1 Комментарий »

Background: While sparsely researched, funding structures may play an important role in use of and satisfaction with prostheses and related health services.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the direct costs of prosthesis wear, (2) explore variations in funding distribution, and (3) describe the role of affordability in prosthesis selection and wear.

Study design: An anonymous, online cross-sectional descriptive survey was administered.

Methods: Analyses were conducted of qualitative and quantitative data extracted from an international sample of 242 individuals with upper limb absence.

Results: Access to prosthesis funding was variable and fluctuated with age, level of limb absence and country of care. Of individuals who gave details on prosthetic costs, 63% (n = 69) were fully reimbursed for their prosthetic expenses, while 37% (n=40) were financially disadvantaged by the cost of components (mean [SD] US$9,574 [$9,986]) and their ongoing maintenance (US$1,936 [$3,179]). Of the 71 non-wearers in this study, 48% considered cost an influential factor in their decision not to adopt prosthesis use.

Conclusions: Prosthesis funding is neither homogeneous nor transparent and can be influential in both the selection and use of a prosthetic device.

Clinical relevance

Inequitable access to prosthesis funding is evident in industrialized nations and may lead to prosthesis abandonment and/or diminished quality of life for individuals with upper limb absences. Increased efforts are required to ensure equitable access to upper limb prosthetics and related services in line with individuals’ needs.

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Когда скептики вслух сомневаются в возможности создания искусственного тела человека в считаные десятилетия, это говорит лишь о том, что они плохо знакомы с новейшими достижениями науки и техники в этой области.

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