A new type of master robot for teleoperation is proposed. In the proposed master robot, several wires are stretched from a handle which is moved by a human operator. In this paper, the authors explain how many wires are necessary to control a handle with six degrees of freedom in a three dimensional space. Moreover, to feed forces from a slave robot to the handle, an algorithm to determine each wire tension is proposed. Finally, they show experimental results in which a handle is moved by seven wires in a three dimensional space

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Haptic sensation has two complex components; skin (cutaneous) sensing which is mediated by a variety of sensing organs that respond to pressure, vibration, displacement and temperature and kinaesthetic/proprioceptive sensing (muscles and joints) which responds to motions and forces exerted by the interaction of the body with the external environment. Although haptic interaction has been identified as being crucial for many applications, achieving realism in haptic feedback has not been possible due to physical, understanding and modelling problems. This paper explores the sensation of touch from a physiological and technological perspective and shows how this can be combined with an integrated touch/force reflecting system to produce a `realistic’ haptic rendering.

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The six contributed papers in this special issue focus on the theme of lower extremity exoskeletons for gait rehabilitation.

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Intensive repetitive therapy shows promise to improve motor function and quality of life for stroke patients. Intense therapies provided by individualized interaction between the patient and rehabilitation specialist to overcome upper extremity impairment are beneficial, however, they are expensive and difficult to evaluate quantitatively and objectively. The development of a pneumatic muscle (PM) driven therapeutic device, the RUPERT™ has the potential of providing a low cost and safe take-home method of supplementing therapy in addition to in the clinic treatment. The device can also provide real-time, objective assessment of functional improvement from the therapy.

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We have developed the exoskeletal robotics suite HAL (Hybrid Assistive Leg) which is integrated with human and assists suitable power for lower limb of people with gait disorder. This study proposes the method of assist motion and assist torque to realize a power assist corresponding to the operator’s intention. In the method of assist motion, we adopted Phase Sequence control which generates a series of assist motions by transiting some simple basic motions called Phase. We used the feedback controller to adjust the assist torque to maintain myoelectricity signals which were generated while performing the power assist walking. The experiment results showed the effective power assist according to operator’s intention by using these control, methods.

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