The main goal of this dissertation is to investigate the biomechanics of octopedal and quadrupedal locomotion in terrestrial animals, common determinants, advantages and limits, in particular of the asymmetric gaits. Two different approach have been chosen: i) a kinematic study of a terrestrial spider, the Brazilian giant tawny-red tarantula, an octopods predator species that hide in burrows, ambush and rapidly bounce the prey with a sprint, and ii) a comparative study of the two types of gallop of the cursorial terrestrial mammals. Eight-legs locomotion has been one of the first travelling modes on land, and spiders display one of the most versatile locomotor repertoire: they move at slow and fast speed, forward-backward-sideways, they climb and even jump, both on firm terrain and from the water surface. Spiders can walk in the two senses at the same speed, just by reversing their diagonal footfall scheme. They turn on the spot like an armoured tank, with opposite direction of the two treads of limbs. Also, the high number of limbs ensures an increased locomotor versatility on uneven and rough terrains, particularly in the likely unawareness of each endpoint location on the ground.

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This report describes the design and construction of an oversized, ruggedized treadmill built for testing heavy loads. The design permits for speed and slope control, as well as a safety tether and emergency stops. The design description is categorized by related systems. The walking belt is powered by an electric motor, which transfers the mechanical rotation via hubs, a linkage belt and rollers. The floor and surface base are sized and designed for proper operation and clearance. The electronics board provides electric power, speed control, and a powered braking system. Safety features are designed for user protection: guard rails, covers, a gantry crane and tether, and emergency stops. Operation is possible for an incline range of -30° to +30° at 22 increments from the horizontal, and speeds of up to 10 mph with a granularity of 0.01 mph. The larger than usual size and strength allows for extensive usability and testing, for a successful and well-functioning apparatus.

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This paper presents the power assistance system of working habiliment type for painting worker in ship-building. The painting worker carrying several tools such as spray gun, brush and roller should be stayed to do painting job in closed working space or inside internal wall of ship large block and in long time. Specially, the power habiliment system is realized by developing the mechanism and control technology to reduce the working load to be transferred to the muscular system of worker. And also it is developed to realize the human friendly optimal working motion. This paper shows the design of multi-axis link mechanism to do painting job of a variety of motion. It shows the control technology of painting work system to reduce the effect of the weight of painting tool and wearable painting system and the working load of painting process such as the reaction force of spray gun.

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Доктор биологических наук, научный руководитель Лаборатории нейрофизиологии и нейрокомпьютерных интерфейсов биологического факультета МГУ Александр Каплан занимается разработкой интерфейса «мозг-компьютер» (ИМК) и даже собирается в будущем выпустить полноценный браузер, управляемый мыслью.

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Inthis paper we present the kinematic analysis of a 12-internal-DOF (three-dimensional and anthropomorphic) biped robot, the Scout Lynxmotion c , towards a ZMP-based control. Since there are only few contributions that contain explicit models of similar robot s, but not exactly this one, our first goal was to generate a kinematicdynamic model that will let us study and control the locomotion of the biped. As the space is limited, this paper is restricted to the presen-tation of the representative steps of the kinematic modeling and the computation of the ZMP, which are then evaluated by numerical simulations. The dynamic model, which has been already obtained, will be published later on.

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