О перспективах нейроинтерфейсов и глобальной сети Интернет размышляет директор НТЦ «Интрофизика» (г. Рыбинск)

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Cerebral vascular accident (CVA, Stroke) is the third cause of death in Western society. About 4.7 million stroke survivors are alive today. Impaired walking ability contributes to post-stroke walking disability. Walking incorrectly creates a stigma and makes patients moresusceptible to injury, affecting quality of life. Most promising interventions to restore walking function are based on robotic systems that intend to restore function by focusing on actions at periphery of the body (a BOTTOM-UP approach). It is not clear how effective these treatments are and a major problem is non-compliance. The main objective of the project is to improve physical rehabilitation therapies of gait disorders in stroke patients based on BNCIassistive technologies, improving systems, providing guidelines for further improvements, and developing benchmarking tools. The project will validate, technically, functionally and clinically, the concept of improving stroke rehabilitation with robotic gait exoskeletons based on a TOP-DOWN approach: motor patterns of the limbs are represented in the cortex, transmitted to the limbs and fed back to the cortex:
-The system will provide means to assess compliance through a multimodal BNCI.
-The proposed BNCI will combine CNS (Electroencephalography, EEG and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy NIRS) and PNS (Electromyography, EMG) data with biomechanical data (Inertial Measurement Units, IMUs).
-It will determine if training the activation of signals that control lower limb tasks in combination with robotics devices is beneficial for restoring lower limb function.
-BETTER will provide means for objective evaluation of the BNCI-based physical rehabilitation therapy and its usability and acceptability. BETTER proposes a multimodal BNCI which main goal is to explore the representations in the cortex, characterize the user involvement and modify the intervention at the periphery with ambulatory and non-ambulatory robotic gait trainers.

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The paper presents the concept, manufacturing and testing of a force am-plifier exoskeleton. The exoskeleton materializes two mechanical upper limbs and has the main function of am-plifying the lifting force of the human arms. Using a simple design concept, the exoskeleton was manufacture in low budget conditions, resulting in a very good execution cost – performances ratio. The mechanical tests were performed in order to prove these performances.

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Исследуется возможность применения на шестиногой шагающей машине гидравлического привода с машинно-дроссельным управлением. Приведено краткое описание математической модели гидросистемы с LS-управлением. С помощью рассмотренной математической модели было выполнено моделирование гидросистемы одной ноги шагающей машины с насосом с LS-управлением. Приведены результаты моделирования.

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